Difference Between Integrated Theory And Holistic Theory

An integrated theory merges concepts, but it does not attempt to explain all criminal behavior from different concepts or assumptions. The difference between integrated theory and holistic theory is it does not attempt to explain all criminal behavior, but a holistic (general) theory of crime attempts to explain all forms of criminal behavior through a single approach.There are four examples of a holistic (general) theory of crime John Braithwaite’s theory of crime shaming and reintegration, Gottfredson and Hirschi s General theory of crime, Sue Weaver Multi-paradigm Theory, and Robert Agnew’s General Theory of crime and delinquency. John Braithwaite’s theory of crime shaming and reintegration is based on a fully integrated model that†¦show more content†¦The direction an individual may take is not explained by these concepts,then a tipping point is needed. The tipping point refer to the shaming point, and there are two kinds of shaming reintegrati ve shaming and stigmatization. Reintegration leads to lower crime rates, and stigmatization leads to participation in criminal subcultures. The subcultures have the power to shame, so the theoretical problem is to overcome the subcultural effect by a network of communities operating undering a reintegrative shaming model(Schmalleger, 2012). Gottfredson and Hirschi s General theory of crime said the lack of self control is a crucial determinant in offending.criminal behaviors can be predicted by the characteristic of the lack of self control. Crime does not have to exist because of the lack of self control and other constraints can modify self control. Gottfredson and Travis Hirschi used numerous of test supported their prediction on self control and crime. This perspective grasp unlikely assumptions about probable offenders(Schmalleger, 2012.). Parents should emotional invest in their child in order for the child to have self control. In general, theory criminal behavior is not a motivating force. The connection in the middle of self-control and crime is not deterministic, but involving chance variation influenced by opportunities and other constraints. Low self control is prevalent in early childhood through characteristics.